According to the load acting on the bearing relative to the rotation of the ring, there are three types of loads borne by the bearing ring: partial load, cyclic load, and swing load. Generally, cyclic load (rotating load) and swing load adopt tight fit; except for special requirements in use for local loads, tight fit is generally not suitable. When the bearing ring bears the dynamic load and is under heavy load, the inner and outer rings should adopt interference fit, but sometimes the outer ring may be a little looser, and it should be able to move axially in the housing hole of the bearing seat; When the bearing ring bears the swing load and the load is light, a slightly looser fit than a tight fit can be used.

Load size

The interference between the bearing ring and the shaft or housing hole depends on the size of the load. When the load is heavier, a larger interference fit is used; when the load is light, a smaller interference fit is used. Generally, the radial load P is less than 0. 07C is light load, P is greater than 0. 07C and equal to or less than 0. It is normal load, and P is greater than 0.15C is heavy load (C is the rated dynamic load of the bearing).

Operating temperature 

When the bearing is running, the temperature of the ring is often higher than the temperature of the adjacent parts. Therefore, the inner ring of the bearing may loosen from the shaft due to thermal expansion, and the outer ring may affect the axial movement of the bearing in the housing hole due to thermal expansion. When selecting the fit, the temperature difference and expansion and contraction of the bearing device part should be taken into consideration. When the temperature difference is large, the interference between the shaft and the inner ring should be larger. 

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Rotation accuracy

When the bearing has higher rotation accuracy requirements, in order to eliminate the influence of elastic deformation and vibration, clearance fit should be avoided.

The structure and material of the bearing housing hole

For the case hole of the form, it is not advisable to use an interference fit when matching with the outer ring of the bearing, nor should the outer ring rotate in the housing hole. For bearings installed in thin-walled shell holes, light metal shell holes or hollow shafts, a tighter fit than thick-walled shell holes, cast iron shell holes or solid shafts should be used.

Easy to install and disassemble

For heavy machinery, the bearing should adopt loose fit. When tight fit is required, separable bearings, inner ring with tapered holes and bearings with adapter sleeves or withdrawal sleeves can be selected.

The axial displacement of the bearing

In fitting, when a ring of the bearing is required to move axially during operation, the outer ring of the bearing and the housing hole of the bearing housing should adopt a loose fit.