"Many failures of machinery are related to the rolling bearings in rotation. The operation of the bearings has a great impact on the working state of the machinery. Its defects will cause abnormal vibration and noise of the equipment, and even damage the equipment in severe cases.

Many mechanical failures are related to the rolling bearings in rotation. The quality of the bearings has a great impact on the working state of the machinery. Its defects can cause abnormal vibration and noise in the equipment, and even damage the equipment in severe cases. The correct condition monitoring and diagnosis of rolling bearings is an important aspect of equipment optimization management and predictive maintenance of modern enterprises.

Let's analyze the 4 early warning stages before bearing failure.

Four early warning stages of rolling bearing failure:

The first stage is the budding stage where the bearing begins to fail. At this time, the temperature is normal, the noise is normal, the total amount of vibration speed and frequency spectrum are normal, but the total amount of peak energy and frequency spectrum have signs, reflecting the initial stage of bearing failure. At this time, the real bearing failure frequency appears in the ultrasonic section about 20-60khz range.

In the second stage, the temperature is normal, the noise is slightly increased, the total amount of vibration speed is slightly increased, and the vibration spectrum does not change significantly, but the peak energy is greatly increased and the spectrum is more prominent. At this time, the frequency of bearing failure appears in the range of about 500hz-2khz.

In the third stage, the temperature rises slightly, noise can be heard by the ear, the total amount of vibration speed increases greatly, and the bearing fault frequency and its harmonics and sidebands are clearly visible on the vibration speed spectrum, and the noise level is obvious on the vibration speed spectrum With the increase, the total amount of peak energy becomes larger than the second stage, and the spectrum becomes more prominent. At this time, the frequency of bearing failure appears in the range of about 0-1khz. It is recommended to replace the bearing at the later stage of the third stage, then the rolling bearing failure characteristics such as wear that can be seen by the naked eye should already appear.

In the fourth stage, the temperature increased significantly, the noise intensity changed significantly, the total vibration speed and vibration displacement increased significantly, and the bearing failure frequency on the vibration speed spectrum began to disappear and was replaced by a larger random broadband high-frequency noise level; The total amount of peak energy increases rapidly, and some unstable changes may occur. Never allow bearings to operate in the fourth stage of failure development, otherwise catastrophic damage may occur.
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According to the research results, in general, if the entire service life of the rolling bearing is counted from the time when the bearing is installed and put into use, the bearing is normal in the first 80% of its life time period. And then corresponding to the development of rolling bearing failure, its remaining life is 10% ~> 20% L10 in the first stage, 5%-10% L10 in the second stage, 1% ~ 5% L10 in the third stage, about It is 1h or 1% L10.

Therefore, when facing bearing problems in actual work, considering that the fourth stage of the development of bearing failures has unforeseen sudden hazards, it is recommended to replace the bearings at the later stage of the third stage, so as to avoid the expansion of the failure and more serious accidents Occurrence of the roller bearing can guarantee the service life of the rolling bearing as much as possible, and according to the bearing's visible wear and damage to the components, such as rolling bearing failure characteristics, it is more convincing.

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