The main purpose of preload and representative examples are as follows:

⑴Improve the guiding accuracy of the bearing. Spindle bearings and measuring instrument bearings of machine tools.

⑵ Improve rigidity. Bearings for main shaft bearings of machine tools and pinion gears of automobile differential mechanisms.

⑶ Reduce vibration and noise during operation. Bearings for small motors.

⑷ Prevent the rolling element from sliding relative to the inner and outer raceways caused by the moment of inertia. High-speed rotating angular contact ball bearings, thrust ball bearings.

⑸ Compensate for wear and pressure during operation, and extend working life.

⑹Keep the rolling element and bearing ring in the correct position. Thrust ball bearings and thrust spherical roller bearings mounted on the horizontal shaft.
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Shaft guidance accuracy

The shaft supported by the preload bearing has higher guiding accuracy, because the deflection ability of the shaft under the load is limited by the preload. The preloaded differential bearing has high guiding accuracy and high rigidity, which can also maintain accurate and constant meshing, and the additional dynamic force is very small, therefore, the running noise is low, and the meshing gear has a long life.

The stiffness of the bearing

The stiffness of the bearing is defined as the ratio of the force acting on the bearing to the elastic deformation of the bearing. Within a certain load range, the elastic deformation of the pre-loaded bearing is smaller than that of the non-preloaded bearing.

Low noise operation

The smaller the bearing running clearance, the better the guidance of the rolling elements in the no-load zone, and the lower the noise during bearing operation.

Compensation for wear and pressure

During operation, the wear and pressure of the bearing increase the gap, but it can be compensated by the preload.

Long working life

In some occasions, bearing pair configuration plus preload can improve operational reliability and prolong working life. Because a proper amount of preload can improve the bearing load distribution, it can increase its working life.